References
Each of the approaches, theories and tools in the Art of Change Making draws on a range of resources, websites, videos and books. These were used to inform the content of the book as well as providing a full explanation.
Below you will find the references taken from the book for each of the approaches:
Preface
Navigating the guide – Pg 3
Deborah Ghate, Jane Lewis, and David Welbourn, Systems Leadership: Exceptional Leadership for Exceptional Times – Synthesis Paper (Nottingham: Virtual Staff College, 2014) [online edition, available at http://www.virtualstaffcollege.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/VSC_Synthesis_exec_complete.pdf]. Ghate and Lewis completed the research in conjunction with the Colebrooke Centre for Evidence and Implementation, while Welbourn’s contribution was in conjunction with the Centre for Health Enterprise at the Cass Business School, City University, London.
Understanding Systems
An Ecology of Mind – Pg 15
anecologyofmind.com (n.d.) Gregory Bateson [Online]. Available at www.anecologyofmind.com (Accessed 27/11/2014).
anecologyofmind.com (n.d.) Press [Online]. Available at www.anecologyofmind.com (Accessed 27/11/2014).
Batseon, G. (1972 [1987]). Steps to an Ecology of Mind: Collected essays in Anthropology, Psychiatry, Evolution, and
Epistemology. [Online]. Jason Aronson Inc. Northvale, New Jersey, London. Available http://www.edtechpost.ca/readings/Gregory%20Bateson%20-%20Ecology%20of%20Mind.pdf (Accessed 02/12/2014).
Bateson, N. (2010) An Ecology of Mind [Online]. www.anecologyofmind.com (Accessed 27/11/2014).
Jan van Boeckel, (2011) “When we find meaning in art, our thinking is most in sync with nature” A review of An Ecology of
Mind. [Online] www.naturearteducation.org. Available at http://www.naturearteducation.org/Articles/An%20Ecology%20of%20Mind_Review%20by%20Jan%20van%20Boeckel.pdf (Accessed 02/12/2014).
Evolutionary Biology – Pg 18
Maturana, H.R. and Varela F.J. (1972 [1980]) Autopoiesis and Cognition (The Realization of Living) [Online],
Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland and London, England, and Boston, USA. Available at http://topologicalmedialab.net/xinwei/classes/readings/Maturana/autopoesis_and_cognition.pdf (Accessed 05/11/2014).
Living Systems – Pg 21
Wheatley, M. J. and Kellner-Rogers. M. (1996) The irresistible future of organising [Online], Margaret J Wheatley. Available at http://www.margaretwheatley.com/articles/irresistiblefuture.html (Accessed 27/08/2014).
Wheatley, M.J. and Frieze, D. (2006) Using Emergence to take Social innovations to Scale [Online], Margaret J Wheatley. Available at http://www.margaretwheatley.com/articles/emergence.html (Accessed 28/08/2014).
Understanding Networks – Pg 25
mathinsight.org (n.d.) Small World Networks [Online]. Available at http://mathinsight.org/small_world_network (Accessed 28/02/2015).
openabm.org (n.d.) Networks [Online]. Available at https://www.openabm.org/book/export/html/2093 (Accessed 28/02/2015).
Qureshi, S.S. (1995) Organisations and Networks: Theoretical Considerations and a Case Study of Networking across Organisations [Online]. Available at http://www.lse.ac.uk/management/documents/isig-theses/Organisations-and-Networks.pdf (Accessed 05/11/2014).
scholarpedia.org (n.d.) Small-World Network [Online]. Available at http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Small-world_network (Accessed 28/02/2015).
Simpson, J. (n.d.) Social Movements not Social Media. Leadership Centre.
The Strength of Weak Ties – Pg 29
Granovetter, M. (1983). The Strength of Weak Ties: A Network Theory revisited [Online]. Available at http://www.soc.ucsb.edu/faculty/friedkin/Syllabi/Soc148/Granovetter%201983.pdf (Accessed 03/11/2014).
Granovetter, M. (1973) The Strength of Weak Ties [Online]. Available at http://www.immorlica.com/socNet/granstrengthweakties.pdf (Accessed 03/11/2014).
Hmolypedia. (n.d.) Mark Granovetter [Online]. Available at http://www.eoht.info/page/Mark+Granovetter?t=anon (Accessed 03/11/2014).
The Tipping Point – Pg 32
gladwell.com (2014) The Tipping Point Reading Guide, Chapter 1: The three rules of epidemics [Online]. http://gladwell.com/the-tipping-point/the-tipping-point-reading-guide-chapter-one/ (Accessed 01/11/2014).
Gladwell, M. (n.d.) Chapter 1:The three rules of epidemics in The Tipping Point: How Little things can make a Big Difference [Online]. Available at http://ist-socrates.berkeley.edu/~maccoun/LP_Gladwell.pdf (Accessed 01/11/2014).
Society 4.0 – from ego-system to eco-system – Pg 34
presencing.com (n.d.) Ego-Eco. [Online], Presencing Institute. Available at https://www.presencing.com/ego-to-eco/overview (Accessed 13/10/2014).
Scharmer, O. (2013) From Ego-System to Eco-System Economies. [Online], Transformation. Available at https://www.opendemocracy.net/transformation/otto-scharmer/from-ego-system-to-eco-system-economies (Accessed 13/10/2014).
Scharmer, O. (2008) Transforming Capitalism: Mapping the Space for Collective Leadership Action DRAFT [Online]. Available at http://www.ottoscharmer.com (Accessed 11/10/2014).
Community – Pg 37
Block, P. (2007) Civic Engagement and the Restoration of Community: Changing the Nature of the Conversation [Online], asmallgroup.net. Available at http://www.asmallgroup.net/pages/images/pages/CES_jan2007.pdf (Accessed 08/10/2014).
Borne, P. (n.d.) ‘Community: The Structure of Belonging. Speaker: P.Block’, tamarack.cci.ca [Podcast]. Available at http://tamarackcci.ca/content/community-structure-belonging-0 (Accessed 08/10/2014).
Building Capital – Pg 40
Simpson, J. (n.d.) ‘Building Capital’ in The Politics of Place [Online], The Leadership Centre. Available at https://www.leadershipcentre.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/leaderofplace_brochure.pdf (Acccessed 01/02/2015).
Public Value – Pg 43
Gavel, D. (2008) Mark Moore on Creating Public Value [Online], Harvard Kennedy School. Available at http://www.hks.harvard.edu/news-events/publications/insight/management/mark-moore (Accessed 12/09/2014).
NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement. (n.d.) An Introduction to Public Value [Online]. Available at http://www.institute.nhs.uk/commissioning/tackling_tough_choices/an_introduction_to_public_value.html (Accessed 12/09/2014).
Four Orders and Systemic Constellations – Pg 46
del Poso, H. (1999) The Hidden Orders In Human Relationship Systems. By Bert Hellinger [Online], constellationflow.com. Available at http://www.constellationflow.com/the_hidden_orders_in_human_relationship_systems (Accessed 15/10/2014).
Hellinger’s talk on constellation community 2007 part1 (2008) Youtube video, Added by hellingermany [Online]. Available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IIbul3_1mFE (Accessed 15/10/2014).
Hetherington, D and Hostetler, E. (n.d.) Science of the Soul [Online], The Constellations Group. Available at http://theconstellationsgroup.com/articles/science_of_soul.html (Accessed 16/10/2014).
Turner, N and Udall N. (n.d.) ‘Four Ordering Forces in Human Systems’ in The Way of Nowhere. Nowhere Foundation.
Social Movements – Pg 51
Ganz, M. (2008) What is Public Narrative? [Online]. Available at http://wearesole.com/What_is_Public_Narrative.pdf (Accessed 24/10/2014).
Moyes and Company. (2013) Marshall Ganz on making Social Movements Matter [Online]. Available at http://billmoyers.com/segment/marshall-ganz-on-making-social-movements-matter/ (Accessed 24/10/2014).
Complexity – Pg 54
Griffen, D. (2010) ‘The importance of the complexity sciences for management and leadership’, Complexity & Management centre: Understanding the complex responsive processes of human organising, 23rd June 2014 [Blog]. Available at http://complexityandmanagement.wordpress.com/ (Accessed 19/09/2014).
Interview med Ralph Stacey (2011) YouTube Video, added by Knowledge Lab [Online]. Available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTAV7-FZLRs (Accessed 19/09/2014).
gp-training.net (n.d.) The Stacey Matrix (Online]. Available at http://www.gp-training.net/training/communication_skills/consultation/equipoise/complexity/stacey.htm (Accessed 19/09/2014).
Critical, Tame, Wicked Problems. Messy and Elegant solutions – Pg 58
Grint, K. (2008) Wicked Problems and Clumsy Solutions: the Role of Leadership [Online], The British Association of Medical
Managers. Petersgate House. Available at http://leadershipforchange.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Keith-Grint-Wicked-Problems-handout.pdf. Accessed 16/09/2014).
hstalks.com. (n.d.) The Leadership Challenge of Wicked Problems: Keith Grint [Online]. Available at http://hstalks.com/dl/handouts/HST111/2520.pdf (Accessed 16/09/2014).
Knowledge Interchange. (n.d.) Interview: Professor Keith Grint: Keith Grint on Leadership [Online]. Available at http://www.som.cranfield.ac.uk/som/dinamic-content/media/knowledgeinterchange/booksummaries/Arts%20of%20Leadership%20-%20Part%202/Transcript.pdf (Accessed 16/09/2014).
The Landscapes Framework – Pg 62
Gordon, P and Plamping, D and Pratt, J. (2010). Working Paper: Working in Systems: The Landscapes Framework [Online]. Centre for Innovation in Health Management, The University Of Leeds. Available at http://www.cihm.leeds.ac.uk/new/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Landscapes-Approach-Working-Paper.pdf (Accessed 16/10/2014).
Understanding People
Ethnography – Pg 69
Barton, D. (n.d.) What is Ethnography [Online], National Research and Development Centre for adult literacy and numeracy. Available at http://www.nrdc.org.uk/content.asp?CategoryID=607 (Accessed 20/10/2014).
The University of Strathclyde. (n.d.) Ethnograhy [Online]. Available at http://www.strath.ac.uk/aer/materials/2designstrategiesineducationalresearch/unit3/ethnography/ (Accessed 20/10/2014).
Cultural Theory and Clumsy Solutions – Pg 72
Douglas, M. (n.d.) History of Grid and Group Cultural Theory [Online]. Available at http://www.scribd.com/doc/134851185/Mary-Douglas-History-of-Grid-and-Group-Cultural-Theory (Accessed 27/08/2014).
Just a thought: Cultural Theory, Interview with Michael Thompson (n.d.) YouTube video, added by Triarchy Press [Online]. Available at http://www.triarchypress.net/cultural-theory-interview.html (Accessed 25/08/2014).
Social Science BAHA. (n.d.) ‘Lecture Series XLVII—Michael Thompson: ‘Cultural Theory and Clumsiness: Some Lessons from Nepal’, soscbaha.org [Audio Clip]. Available at http://www.soscbaha.org/activities/lectures/lecture-series/191-lectureseries-xlvii.html (Accessed 27/08/2014).
Triarchy press. (n.d.) Cultural Theory [Online]. Available at http://www.triarchypress.net/cultural-theory.html (Accessed 27/08/2014).
Triarchy Press. (n.d.) ‘Organising and disorganising’, Cultural Theory [Online]. Available at http://www.triarchypress.net/organising-and-disorganising.html (Accessed 27/08/2014).
Cultural Dynamic Values Space – The Value Modes model – Pg 75
Cultural Dynamics Strategy & Marketing Ltd. (n.d.) The Values Modes [Online]. Available at http://www.cultdyn.co.uk/valuesmodes.html (Accessed 05/11/2014).
Rose, C. (2012) Some Guidelines For Communicating With Settlers, Prospectors and Pioneers [Online], www.campaignstategy.org. Available at http://documents.campaignstrategy.org/uploads/maslow_groups_coms_guidelines.pdf (Accessed 05/11/2014).
Adoption Curves – Pg 78
JBDON. (n.d.) Roger’s Diffusion of Innovation Theory [Online]. Available at http://www.jbdon.com/rogers-diffusion-of-innovation-theory.html (Accessed 08/11/2014).
wikepedia.org (2013) The Technology Adoption Curve [Online]. Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_adoption_lifecycle (Accessed 08/11/2014).
Change curve – stages of grief – Pg 81
trainingzone.co.uk (n.d.) Leadership models: change curve [Online]. Available at http://www.trainingzone.co.uk/topic/leadership/leadership-models-change-equation-and-change-curve (Accessed 04/11/2014).
University of Exeter (n.d.) The Change Curve [Online]. Available at http://www.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/humanresources/documents/learningdevelopment/the_change_curve.pdf (Accessed 04/11/2014).
Taxonomy of Needs – Pg 84
J R Bradshaw et al. (1988) A Taxonomy of Social Need [Online], Johnathon Bradshaw on Social Policy: Selected Writings
1972-2011, University of York. Available at http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/spru/pubs/pdf/JRB.pdf (Accessed 30/10/2014).
http://www.hcna.bham.ac.uk/introduction.shtml
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs – a theory of human motivation – Pg 87
Boeree, C. (n.d.) Abraham Maslow [Online]. Available at http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/maslow.html (Accessed 12/01/2015).
Maslow, A. H. (1943) A Theory of Human Motivation [Online], Classics in the History of Psychology, Christopher D. Green. York
University. Toronto, Ontario. Available at http://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm (Accessed 12/01/2015).
Gestalt Theory of Change – Pg 90
Charlotte Sills, C and Lapworth P and Billy Desmond, B. (2012) An Introduction to Gestalt. Sage Publications
Critchley, King and Higgins (2007) Short stories about working from a Gestalt perspective by Bill Critchley in Organisational consulting. Middlesex University Press
Nevis, E (1998) Organisational consulting: a Gestalt approach. Cleveland Press
Parlett, M. (1991) ‘What is Gestalt? British Gestalt Journal, [online]. Available at http://www.britishgestaltjournal.com/Pages/About_Gestalt.html (Accessed 20/08/2014).
Stevenson, H. (n.d.) Emergence: The Gestalt approach to change [Online], Cleveland Consulting Group inc. Available at http://www.clevelandconsultinggroup.com/articles/emergence-gestalt-approach-to-change.php (Accessed 18/09/2014).
Wesley, A.(1976) Authentic management: A Gestalt Orientation to Organisations and their development by Stanley Hermann and Michael Korenich.
Yontef, G. (1993) Gestalt Therapy: An introduction [Online], Awareness, dialogue and process. The Gestalt Journal Press. Available at http://www.gestalt.org/yontef.htm (Accessed 20/08/2014).
Lewin’s Model of Change – Pg 94
Change Management Coach. (n.d.) The Kurt Lewin Change Management model [Online]. Available at http://www.change-management-coach.com/kurt_lewin.html (Accessed 19/08/2014).
Lewin, K. (1947) Human Relations, frontiers in group dynamics: ii. Channels of group life; Social planning and Action Research [Online], Sage Publications on behalf of The Tavistock Institute. Available at http://www.sagepub.com/mertler2study/articles/Lewin.pdf (Accessed 20/08/2014).
Lewin, Kurt. (2012[1951]) ‘Field theory in social science’ in Resolving social Conflicts and field theory in social science [ebook reader], Washington DC, American Psychological Association.
Nursing Theories. (2011) Change Theories. Kurt Lewin [Online]. Available at http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/change_theory.html (Accessed 20/08/2014).
Transactional Analysis – Pg 97
Berne, E. (1964) The Games People Play: The psychology of human relationships [Online]. Available at http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCMQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fxa.yimg.com%2Fkq%2Fgroups%2F18725496%2F658396479%2Fname%2FGames%2Bpeople%2Bplay.pdf&ei=DzUYVODKH8707AbYiIHICA&usg=AFQjCNEBpH2YxGZrAd21jTUc4M4mD5Z6AQ&bvm=bv.75097201,d.ZGU (Accessed 15/09/2014).
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Johari Window – Pg 101
communicationtheory.org (n.d.) The Johari Window Model [Online]. Available at http://communicationtheory.org/the-johari-window-model/ (Accessed 30/10/2014).
theinnovationcentre.org (n.d.) Building Deeper Connections with the Johari Window [Online]. Available at http://www.theinnovationcenter.org/files/doc/A4/CLW%20pp%20120%20Building%20Deeper%20Relationships%20with%20the%20Johari%20Window.pdf (Accessed 30/10/2014).
Positive Psychology – Pg 104
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Learning Cycles and Learning Styles – Pg 106
businessballs.com (n.d.) Kolb’s Learning Cycles [Online]. Available at http://www.businessballs.com/kolblearningstyles.htm (Accessed 15/09/2014).
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Honey, P and Mumford, A. (n.d.) The Learning Styles Helpers Guide [Online]. Available at http://www.peterhoney.com/documents/Learning-Styles-Helpers-Guide_QuickPeek.pdf (Accessed 22/10/2014).
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Kolb, D.A. (1984) Chapter 2: The process of Experiential Learning [Online], Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development, Experience based learning systems inc. Available at http://learningfromexperience.com/media/2010/08/process-of-experiential-learning.pdf (Accessed 15/09/2014).
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Peterson, K. and Rutledge, M. (n.d.) Creating Adaptive Leaders and Organizations: Advantages of the New Kolb Learning Cycle and Styles Inventory as Compared with the MBTI [Online], Revisions.org. Available at http://www.revisions.org/pubs/PetersonRutledge_CreatingAdaptiveLeaders+Orgs_ODPractioner2014.pdf (Accessed 15/09/2014).
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Neuro-Science – system 1 and system 2 – Pg 111
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The Divided Brain – The master and his emissary – Pg 115
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MBTI Myers Briggs Type Indicator – Pg 118
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Understanding Groups
Basic Assumption Groups and Psychodynamic Approaches – Pg 123
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Hutton, C and Minahan M. (n.d.) Group Development Tools Practitioners can use [Online]. Available at http://www.ntl.org/upload/GroupDevelopmentTools.pdf (Accessed 26/10/2014).
Argyris, Theories of Action – double loop learning and organisational theories of action – Pg 127
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The Three Levels of Organisational Culture – Pg 131
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Cultural Web – Pg 134
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Change and Culture Complexity – Pg 138
Deffenbaugh, J. (n.d.) Opening Conduits of Communication. Frontline. London, Lanarkshire.
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Deffenbaugh, J. (2014) Telephone Conversation with Emma Loftus, 1 October.
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Learning Organisations – Pg 141
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Peter Senge The Learning Organisation (2013) YouTube Video, added by Eliesha Training Ltd [Online]. Available at http://youtube.com/ONttCcOq944(Accessed 30/09/2014).
Five Capacities of High Performance Teams – Pg 145
Hawkins, P. (n.d.) No Time for Heroes [Online]. Available at http://content.yudu.com/Library/A1sx07/PeterHawkinsNotimefo/resources/5.htm (Accessed 01/11/2014).
Hawkins, P (2011) Coaching Supervision: An Overview [Online], Bath Consultancy Group. Available at http://business.brookes.ac.uk/assets/commercial/coaching-supervision-conference/2011/peter-hawkins.pdf (Accessed 01/11/2014).
Hawkins, P. (2011) No Time for Heroes: Creating effective high performance leadership teams [Online], Bath Consultancy Group. Available at http://www.bathconsultancygroup.com/downloads/Team-Coaching%5b302%5d.pdf (Accessed 01/11/2014).
Peter Hawkins: 5 Disciplines of High Performance Teams (2012) YouTube Video added by Jesper Nytoft, Henly Business School [Online]. Available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tl-soMKuyYg (Accessed 01/11/2014).
Cross-functional teams and X-Teams – Pg 148
Ancona, D. (n.d.) X-Teams: Extroverted Teams That Lead and Innovate [Online], Stanford Videos, Kantola Productions. Available at http://www.kantola.com/Deborah-Ancona-PDPD-314-S.aspx (Accessed 02/10/2014).
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Briscoe, S. (2007) The New Teamwork [Online], asae.org. Available at http://www.asaecenter.org/Resources/ANowDetail.cfm?ItemNumber=26308 (Accessed 02/10/2014).
Clayton, P. (2010) ‘Deborah Ancona: Creating distributed leadership and xteams’, Total Picture Radio [Podcast]. Available at http://www.totalpicture.com/career-podcast-interview-channels/career-leadership-interviews/1074-leadership-podcastdeborah-ancona-building-x-teams.html
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Understanding the Connection between People and Performance
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The Sears Employee-Customer – Profit Model – Pg 159
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Skills
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Tools
Lewin’s Force Field Analysis – Pg 195
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Organisational Design – The Star Model – Pg 207
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Appreciation Process – Pg 222
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Presentations and Lectures – Pg 224
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Action Learning – Pg 232
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Communities of Practice (CoP) – Pg 235
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Coaching Conversations (Individual and Team) – Pg 238
The GROW Model (Goals, Reality, Options, Will)
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Transformational Coaching – The CLEAR model (Contracting, Listening, Explore,
Action, Review) – Pg 241
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Coaching Conversations – The Inner Game (self 1 & self 2) – Pg 246
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Learning History – Pg 250
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Communication Circles – talking circles, wisdom circles, open circles – Pg 253
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Future Search (futuresearch.net) – Pg 256
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Open Space – Pg 259
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World Café (theworldcafe.com) – Pg 263
www.theworldcafe.com